Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a central regulator in chronic liver disease
contributing to all stages of disease progression from initial liver injury through inflammation …

Schistosomiasis is the second most debilitating neglected tropical disease globally after
malaria, with no available therapy to control disease-driven immunopathology. Although …

The propensity of helminths, such as schistosomes, to immunomodulate the host's immune
system is an essential aspect of their survival. Previous research has demonstrated how …

Schistosome infection is a major cause of global morbidity, particularly in sub-Saharan
Africa. However, there is no effective vaccine for this major neglected tropical disease, and …

T helper (Th) 17 cells have recently been described as a third subset of T helper cells, and
have provided new insights into the mechanisms that are important in the development of …

Differentiation of naïve CD4+ cells into functionally distinct effector helper T cell subsets,
characterised by distinct “cytokine signatures,” is a cardinal strategy employed by the …

Helminths are credited with being the major selective force driving the evolution of the so-
called “type 2” immune responses in vertebrate animals, with their size and infection …

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating disease affecting approximately 600 million people in 74
develo** countries, with 800 million, mostly children at risk. To circumvent the threat of …

The molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to immune protection against coccidiosis
are complex and include multiple aspects of innate and adaptive immunities. Innate …

Background Schistosomiasis is the most important human helminth infection due to its
impact on public health. The clinical manifestations are chronic and significantly decrease …