China is prone to broad land degradation and thus has been implementing ecological
restoration projects (ERPs) since the reform and opening up. The extent of ERPs, as well as …

In-situ conservation of biodiversity refers to the establishment and management of protected
areas, combined with other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs). The …

Abstract China proposed the Ecological Conservation Redline (ECR) strategy in 2011 and
listed it as an important part of the ecological promotion process in 2013. In 2017, China …

Globally, the number and extent of terrestrial protected areas (PAs) are expanding rapidly.
Nonetheless, their impacts on preventing forest loss and the factors influencing the impacts …

Insufficient conservation measures and intense human disturbances gave rise to severe
landscape ecological risks (LERs) in transboundary areas, highlighting the significance of …

The establishment of protected areas has been considered a tool to battle deforestation in
densely populated countries like Bangladesh. Since 2000, Bangladesh's Forest Department …

The ecological security pattern (ESP) focuses on key ecological elements in ecosystems by
identifying, combining, and evaluating these elements. This study attempts to identify the …

Protected areas (PAs) are considered essential for biodiversity conservation, and concerns
about the effectiveness of PAs in terms of reducing deforestation are growing. However, few …

Abstract Aim Although protected areas (PAs) are assumed to reduce natural threats within
boundaries, their spillover effects remain equivocal. It is necessary to determine whether …

Inaccurate information on forest resources could hamper forest conservation, reforestation
and sustainable management. Remote-sensing products have emerged as key tools in …