Bile acids are steroids generated at the interface of host and intestinal microbiota. While
primary bile acids are generated in the liver from cholesterol metabolism, secondary bile …

Commensal microorganisms in the human gut produce numerous metabolites by using
small molecules derived from the host or diet as precursors. Host or dietary lipid molecules …

Human physiology is profoundly influenced by the gut microbiota, which generates a wide
array of metabolites. These microbiota-derived compounds serve as signaling molecules …

Bile acids regulate nutrient absorption and mitochondrial function, they establish and
maintain gut microbial community composition and mediate inflammation, and they serve as …

Clostridioides difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen, causing significant morbidity and
mortality worldwide. Antibiotic usage, a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection …

Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism. Hepatic bile acid synthesis
accounts for a major fraction of daily cholesterol turnover in humans. Biliary secretion of bile …

Balanced interactions between the enteric microbiota and enterohepatic organs are
essential to bile acid homeostasis, and thus normal gastrointestinal function. Disruption of …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare, chronic liver disease with no approved
therapies. The ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been widely used, although there is no …

The gut microbiome possesses numerous biochemical enzymes that biosynthesize
metabolites that impact human health. Bile acids comprise a diverse collection of …

Chronic itch is a debilitating symptom profoundly impacting the quality of life in patients with
liver diseases like cholestasis. Activation of the human G-protein coupled receptor …