Fibrosis refers to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in the
processes of wound repair or tissue regeneration after tissue damage. Fibrosis occurs in …

Although acute exposure of the heart to angiotensin (Ang II) produces physiological cardiac
hypertrophy and chronic exposure results in pathological hypertrophy, the signal …

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is well-known to be associated with impaired cardiac
function, massive arrhythmias, marked alterations in cardiac metabolism and irreversible …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major worldwide public health problem. The increase in
the number of patients with CKD and end-stage kidney disease requesting renal dialysis or …

Sirtuins (Sirts) are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein
deacetylases that share diverse cellular functions. Increasing evidence shows that Sirts play …

Aging promotes chronic inflammation, which contributes to fibrosis and decreases organ
function. Fibrosis, the excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix …

Heart failure is the common concluding pathway for a majority of cardiovascular diseases
and is associated with cardiac dysfunction. Since heart failure is invariably preceded by …

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is formed by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the
renin–angiotensin system. This hormone is known to induce cardiac hypertrophy and heart …

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which prevent the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, are well-known for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases …

Background Hypertension is a major cause of cardiac dysfunction. The earliest
manifestation is left ventricular remodeling/hypertrophy. The occurrence of adverse cardiac …