With the explosion of neuroimaging, differences between male and female brains have been
exhaustively analyzed. Here we synthesize three decades of human MRI and postmortem …

Lesion studies link the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to executive functions. However, the evidence
from in vivo investigations in healthy people is mixed, and there are no quantitative …

Deterioration of the hippocampus occurs in elderly individuals with and without dementia,
yet individual variation exists in the degree and rate of hippocampal decay. Determining the …

Hippocampal volume shrinks in late adulthood, but the neuromolecular factors that trigger
hippocampal decay in aging humans remains a matter of speculation. In rodents, brain …

Age-related changes in brain structure result from a complex interplay among various
neurobiological processes, which may contribute to more complex trajectories than what can …

As the population ages, the need for effective methods to maintain or even improve older
adults' cognitive performance becomes increasingly pressing. Here we provide a brief …

Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of cortical thickness and volume
have shown age effects on large areas, but there are substantial discrepancies across …

Aging is marked by a decline in cognitive function, which is often preceded by losses in gray
matter volume. Fortunately, higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels are associated with …

There are many reports of relations between age and cognitive variables and of relations
between age and variables representing different aspects of brain structure and a few …

With age, the brain undergoes comprehensive changes in its function and physiology.
Cerebral metabolism and blood supply are among the key physiologic processes supporting …