This article provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-based structural health
monitoring (DL-based SHM). It encompasses a broad spectrum of DL theories and …

Alongside the development of high-speed rail, rail flaw detection is of great importance to
ensure railway safety, especially for improving the speed and load of the train. Several …

The rapid development of high-speed and heavy-haul railways caused rapid rail defects and
sudden failure. This requires more advanced rail inspection, ie, real-time accurate …

Eddy current testing (ECT) is an established non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique to
evaluate materials. In last decade, machine learning (ML) has revolutionized many areas …

Owing to the development of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the detection of defects
on rail surfaces has significantly improved. Although existing methods achieve good results …

Eddy current testing (ECT) is a crucial non-destructive testing (NDT) technique extensively
used across various industries to detect surface and sub-surface defects in conductive …

As semiconductor chip manufacturing technology advances, chip structures are becoming
more complex, leading to an increased likelihood of void defects in the solder layer during …

The development of an automated rail line defect classification system is of great benefit, as
railway tracks must be periodically monitored and inspected to guarantee the safety of rail …

In industrial production, flaws and defects inevitably appear on surfaces, resulting in
unqualified products. Therefore, surface defect detection plays a key role in ensuring …

Switches and crossings (S&Cs) are also known as turnouts or railway points. They are
important assets in railway infrastructures and a defect in such a critical asset might lead to a …