Vital rates of large herbivores normally respond to increased resource limitation by following
a progressive sequence of effects on life‐history characteristics from survival of young, age …

A fundamental premise of life‐history theory is that organisms that increase current
reproductive investment suffer increased mortality. Possibly the most studied life‐history …

Non‐consumptive effects of predation can strongly impact reproduction and demography of
prey species. Still, the underlying mechanisms that drive non‐consumptive effects are not …

Mixed models are now well‐established methods in ecology and evolution because they
allow accounting for and quantifying within‐and between‐individual variation. However, the …

Fitness costs of reproduction are expected when resources are limited. Costs drive the
evolution of life‐history strategies and can affect population dynamics if females change …

ABSTRACT The Iberian Peninsula is witnessing ever‐faster environmental changes, and
new challenges for wild ungulates are continuously emerging as they become more …

Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the evolution of senescence. One of
the leading hypotheses, the disposable soma hypothesis, predicts a trade‐off, whereby early …

Understanding the evolution of life histories requires information on how life histories vary
among individuals and how such variation predicts individual fitness. Using complete life …

Studies of marked free-ranging ungulates have provided major contributions to ecology,
evolution, and conservation. We focus on research areas where these studies have been …

Although the effects of individual age, resource availability, and reproductive costs have
been extensively studied to understand the causes of variation in reproductive output, there …