The genetic landscape of Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by rare high penetrance
pathogenic variants causing familial disease, genetic risk factor variants driving PD risk in a …

Alpha-synuclein (αS) is the major constituent of Lewy bodies and a pathogenic hallmark of
all synucleinopathathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies …

Crohn's disease (CD), a form of inflammatory bowel disease, has a higher prevalence in
Ashkenazi Jewish than in non-Jewish European populations. To define the role of …

Estimates of the spectrum and frequency of pathogenic variants in Parkinson's disease (PD)
in different populations are currently limited and biased. Furthermore, although therapeutic …

Background GBA1 variants are among the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's
disease (PD). GBA1 variants can be classified into three categories based on their role in …

Background Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism is involved in the entire
physiopathological process and is critical to human health. Long-term imbalance in NAD+ …

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is one of the major protein degradation pathways,
where abnormal UPS function has been observed in cancer and neurological diseases …

Variants in seven genes (LRRK2, GBA1, PRKN, SNCA, PINK1, PARK7 and VPS35) have
been formally adjudicated as causal contributors to Parkinson's disease; however …

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder affecting
1–5% of the general population for which neither effective cure nor early diagnostic tools are …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with a
documented significant increase in its prevalence in the past three decades. Both …