This article presents a comprehensive survey of research concerning interactions between
associative learning and attention in humans. Four main findings are described. First …

Multivariate decoding methods were developed originally as tools to enable accurate
predictions in real-world applications. The realization that these methods can also be …

Human neuroimaging research has transitioned from map** local effects to develo**
predictive models of mental events that integrate information distributed across multiple …

Altruistic behavior varies considerably across people and decision contexts. The relevant
computational and motivational mechanisms that underlie its heterogeneity, however, are …

Curiosity—our desire to know—is a fundamental drive in human behaviour, but its
mechanisms are poorly understood. A classical question concerns the curiosity motives …

Many neuroimaging studies have investigated reward processing dysfunction in major
depressive disorder. These studies have led to the common idea that major depressive …

Nervous systems must encode information about the identity of expected outcomes to make
adaptive decisions. However, the neural mechanisms underlying identity-specific value …

The valuation of food is a fundamental component of our decision-making. Yet little is known
about how value signals for food and other rewards are constructed by the brain. Using a …

Most people are generous, but not toward everyone alike: generosity usually declines with
social distance between individuals, a phenomenon called social discounting. Despite the …

A host of learning, memory, and decision-making processes form the individual's response
to threat and may be disrupted in anxiety and post-trauma psychopathology. Here we review …