Green bonds, due to their inherent externalities, pose challenges in achieving equilibrium
prices under optimal public resource allocation and social welfare without governmental …

In this paper, we establish a model based on real options theory and fractional Brownian
motion (FBM) with jumps to price green bonds, and thus alleviate the externalities of green …

Unlike previous studies which tend to consider only return linkages between European
emission allowances and electricity markets, this paper examines return and volatility …

In this study, we examine the multifractal characteristics and nonlinear interactions between
the major energy commodities (crude oil, natural gas, heating oil) and the traditional and …

Stock markets are generally perceived as a barometer of the economy and respond to
international monetary policies even before economic activities. Many central banks have …

There is ample evidence that Islamic stock markets perform differently from conventional
stock markets, particularly when economic policy uncertainty (EPU) or any other uncertainty …

Financial stress can have significant implications for individuals, businesses, asset prices
and the economy as a whole. This study examines the nonlinear structure and dynamic …

The annual electricity consumption of cryptocurrency mining has witnessed significant
growth in recent years, fueled by an increase in market participation and the escalating …

This paper explores the variations in cross-correlations among the carbon trading market,
geopolitical risk (GPR) and economic policy uncertainty (EPU), focusing on their …

The investigation of the fractal nature of financial data has been growing in the literature.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the …