Wnt signaling plays a central regulatory role across a remarkably diverse range of functions
during embryonic development, including those involved in the formation of bone and …

Developmental signaling pathways control a vast array of biological processes during
embryogenesis and in adult life. The WNT pathway was discovered simultaneously in …

Cartilage and the bordering subchondral bone form a functionally active regulatory interface
with a prominent role in osteoarthritis pathways. The Wnt and the OPG-RANKL-RANK …

Wnt signaling is crucial for embryonic development in all animal species studied to date. The
interaction between Wnt proteins and cell surface receptors can result in a variety of …

Directional migration is an important component of cell motility. Although the basic
mechanisms of random cell movement are well characterized, no single model explains the …

Growth factor signaling is required for cellular differentiation, tissue morphogenesis, and
tissue homeostasis. Misregulation of intracellular signal transduction can lead to …

Understanding heart development on a molecular level is a prerequisite for uncovering the
causes of congenital heart diseases. Therapeutic approaches that try to enhance cardiac …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious kidney-related complication of both type 1 and type 2
diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) and the second major cause of end-stage kidney disease …

Placental dysfunction refers to the insufficiency of placental perfusion and chronic hypoxia
during early pregnancy, which impairs placental function and causes inadequate supply of …

Although first described as early as 1898 and long considered a vestigial organelle of little
functional importance, the primary cilium has become one of the hottest research topics in …