Understanding the multi-scale and multi-factor driving mechanisms of ecosystem services
(ES) change is crucial for combating the severe degradation of the ecosystem. We reviewed …

Abstract Structure–function relationships are central to many ecological paradigms. Chief
among these is the linkage of net primary production (NPP) with species diversity and …

Lidar‐derived forest structural diversity (FSD) metrics—including measures of forest canopy
height, vegetation arrangement, canopy cover (CC), structural complexity and leaf area and …

Forest landscape restoration is a global priority to mitigate negative effects of climate
change, conserve biodiversity, and ensure future sustainability of forests, with international …

Vegetation canopy structure is a fundamental characteristic of terrestrial ecosystems that
defines vegetation types and drives ecosystem functioning. We use the multivariate …

Vegetation structural complexity and biodiversity tend to be positively correlated, but
understanding of this relationship is limited in part by structural metrics tending to quantify …

The ESA's forthcoming FLuorescence EXplorer (FLEX) mission is dedicated to the global
monitoring of the vegetation's chlorophyll fluorescence by means of an imaging …

Abstract The effectiveness of Protected Areas in conserving forest ecosystems has been
examined at the continental scale using area-based habitat parameters, but knowledge of …

The study of vegetation community and structural change has been central to ecology for
over a century, yet the ways in which disturbances reshape the physical structure of forest …

Tropical forests are the world's most structurally complex ecosystems, providing key
functions like biomass accumulation, which is linked to this complexity. Tropical forests are …