Gene duplication provides raw material for functional innovation. Recent advances have
shed light on two fundamental questions regarding gene duplication: which genes tend to …

Like all organisms, plants require energy for growth. They achieve this by absorbing light
and fixing it into a usable, chemical form via photosynthesis. The resulting carbohydrate …

Glucose and related sugars repress the transcription of genes encoding enzymes required
for the utilization of alternative carbon sources; some of these genes are also repressed by …

In addition to their essential roles as substrates in carbon and energy metabolism and in
polymer biosynthesis, sugars have important hormone-like functions as primary messengers …

▪ Abstract Sugars have important signaling functions throughout all stages of the plant's life
cycle. This review presents our current understanding of the different mechanisms of sugar …

Glucose, the most abundant monosaccharide in nature, is the principal carbon and energy
source for nearly all cells. The first, and rate-limiting, step of glucose metabolism is its …

Eukaryotic cells possess an exquisitely interwoven and fine-tuned series of signal
transduction mechanisms with which to sense and respond to the ubiquitous fermentable …

The rapid activation of gene expression in response to stimuli occurs largely through the
regulation of RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. In this Review, we discuss events …

Recent studies indicate that, in a manner similar to classical plant hormones, sugars can act
as signaling molecules that control gene expression and developmental processes in …

Summary Arabidopsis hexokinase1 (HXK1) is a glucose sensor that integrates nutrient and
hormone signals to govern gene expression and plant growth in response to environmental …