The Antarctic region comprises the continent, the Maritime Antarctic, the sub-Antarctic
islands, and the southern cold temperate islands. Continental Antarctica is devoid of insects …

A biogeographic regionalisation of the Andean region is proposed as a hierarchical
classification of sub-regions, provinces, sub-provinces and districts. It is based on …

Phylogenetic trees in insects are frequently dated by applying a “standard” mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA) clock estimated at 2.3% My− 1, but despite its wide use reliable calibration …

Background The identification of vast numbers of unknown organisms using DNA
sequences becomes more and more important in ecological and biodiversity studies. In this …

Background The primary objective of this study is to reconstruct the phylogeny of the hentzi
species group and sister species in the North American tarantula genus, Aphonopelma …

Background The demand for scientific biodiversity data is increasing, but taxonomic
expertise is often limited or not available. DNA sequencing is a potential remedy to …

Aquatic larvae of many Rhithrogena mayflies (Ephemeroptera) inhabit sensitive Alpine
environments. A number of species are on the IUCN Red List and many recognized species …

Key features: The first reference book to provide a comprehensive treatment of the
biogreography of the Andean region Includes lists of the synonyms for each area and …

Background Patagonia extends for more than 84,000 km of irregular coasts is an area
especially apt to evaluate how historic and contemporary processes influence the …

Background Defining species units can be challenging, especially during the earliest stages
of speciation, when phylogenetic inference and delimitation methods may be compromised …