Background Chronic and/or extreme stress in early life, often referred to as early adversity,
childhood trauma, or early life stress, has been associated with a wide range of adverse …

This meta-analysis synthesizes experimental studies on the immediate effects of
discrimination on mental health, exploring the effects of different paradigms and …

Children raised in families with low socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely to exhibit
symptoms of psychopathology. However, the strength of this association, the specific indices …

Human beings differ in their socioeconomic status (SES), with accompanying differences in
physical and mental health as well as cognitive ability. Although SES has long been used as …

Socioeconomic disparities are associated with differences in cognitive development. The
extent to which this translates to disparities in brain structure is unclear. We investigated …

Investigating the developmental sequelae of early life stress has provided researchers the
opportunity to examine adaptive responses to extreme environments. A large body of work …

In the United States,> 40% of children are either poor or near-poor. As a group, children in
poverty are more likely to experience worse health and more developmental delay, lower …

A variety of cognitive disorders are worsened by stress exposure and involve dysfunction of
the newly evolved prefrontal cortex (PFC). Exposure to acute, uncontrollable stress …

Children who experience chronic stressors are vulnerable to emotional and physical health
problems across the lifespan. This phenomenon raises questions for scientists and …

Pain and stress share significant conceptual and physiological overlaps. Both phenomena
challenge the body's homeostasis and necessitate decision-making to help animals adapt to …