Individual vocal recognition (IVR) has been well studied in mammals and birds. These
studies have primarily delved into understanding IVR in specific limited contexts (eg parent …

Despite the popularity of tourism and recreation in the Andes in South America and the
regions conservation value, there is limited research on the ecological impacts of these …

Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are highly social mammals that communicate
using sequences of clicks called codas. While a subset of codas have been shown to …

The advent and everyday prominence of social media has fuelled a rise in nature tourism
and photography to share experiences online. This is increasingly resulting in disturbance to …

Birds are commonly used as bio-indicators of the quality of environments and the changes to
them. Therefore, ecologists put a lot of effort into the monitoring of their population trends …

Birdwatching is a popular nature-based recreational activity that has millions of participants
worldwide. Hong Kong is an important birdwatching destination in Southeast Asia, and the …

Parks and protected areas have long been promoted for their environmental conservation
benefits, opportunities for outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism, and associated …

There is a temptation to consider birders, or more specifically, avitourists, as a homogenous
group of individuals that single-mindedly seek to add new and exotic species to their …

Conservation of biodiversity, including birds, continues to challenge natural‐area managers.
Stated‐preference methods (eg, choice experiment CE) are increasingly used to provide …

Highlights•Virtually all animals must escape predators, and the study of escape behavior
has exploded in recent years.•Esca** from predators includes decisions about when and …