Explanations play an important role in learning and inference. People often learn by seeking
explanations, and they assess the viability of hypotheses by considering how well they …

This chapter reviews a rapidly growing body of empirical evidence on the effectiveness of
using video and computer games to provide instruction. Evidence of their effectiveness is …

Background In the midst of digital transformation, schools are transforming their classrooms
as they prepare students for a world increasingly automated by new technologies, including …

On publication in 2009 John Hattie's Visible Learning presented the biggest ever collection
of research into what actually work in schools to improve children's learning. Not what was …

Providing contingent or adaptive support (ie, scaffolding) is effective. Yet it is unclear how it
promotes students' learning. In this mixed-methods study, we investigated to what extent the …

The neural mechanisms that support naturalistic learning via effective pedagogical
approaches remain elusive. Here we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure …

Teacher scaffolding, in which teachers support students adaptively or contingently, is
assumed to be effective. Yet, hardly any evidence from classroom studies exists. With the …

Scientific explanation plays a central role in science education reform documents, including
the Benchmarks for Science Literacy, the National Science Education Standards, and the …

Help seeking is an important process in self-regulated learning (SRL). It may influence
learning with intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), because many ITSs provide help, often at …

Everyday cognition reveals a sophisticated capacity to seek, generate, and evaluate
explanations for the social and physical worlds around us. Why are we so driven to explain …