Transportation electrification has been fueled by recent advancements in the technology
and manufacturing of battery systems, but the industry yet is facing serious challenges that …

Context: In traditional software systems, Requirements Engineering (RE) activities are well-
established and researched. However, building Artificial Intelligence (AI) based software …

The aim of this chapter is to act as a primer for those wanting to learn about Runtime
Verification (RV). We start by providing an overview of the main specification languages …

Many organizations are develo** autonomous driving systems, which are expected to be
deployed at a large scale in the near future. Despite this, there is a lack of agreement on …

This paper presents a technique, named STLCG, to compute the quantitative semantics of
Signal Temporal Logic (STL) formulas using computation graphs. STLCG provides a …

Autonomous vehicles are complex systems that are challenging to test and debug. A
requirements-driven approach to the development process can decrease the resources …

The open-world deployment of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms in safety-critical
applications such as autonomous vehicles needs to address a variety of ML vulnerabilities …

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a ubiquitous system connecting many different devices-the
things-which can be accessed from the distance. The cyber-physical systems (CPSs) …

Runtime verification is an area of formal methods that studies the dynamic analysis of
execution traces against formal specifications. Typically, the two main activities in runtime …

Black-box testing has been extensively applied to test models of Cyber-Physical systems
(CPS) since these models are not often amenable to static and symbolic testing and …