Conventional wisdom suggests that partisanship has little impact on voter behavior in Brazil;
what matters most is pork-barreling, incumbent performance, and candidates' charisma. This …

Across the world, many politicians deliver benefits to citizens in direct exchange for their
votes. Scholars often predict the demise of this phenomenon, as it is threatened by …

Where party identification is in decay or in flux, alternative political identifications have
gained centrality. In this Element, the author develops a typology of post-partisan political …

Although theories of partisanship were developed for the democratic context, partisanship
can be important in electoral autocracies as well. We use survey data to analyze …

This article analyzes the effects of antipartisanship in explaining the Bolsonaro vote in the
2018 presidential elections. The expansion of the anti-Workers' Party sentiment known in …

Building a person has been an elusive goal in artificial intelligence. This failure, John
Pollock argues, is because the problems involved are essentially philosophical; what is …

In the past thirty years, women's representation and gender equality has developed
unevenly in Latin America. Some countries have experienced large increases in gender …

This chapter surveys the core debates in the literature on Brazilian electoral behavior. We
focus on studies covering distinct historical periods while emphasizing the contemporary …

In these polarized and challenging times, not even perceptions of personal risk are immune
to partisanship. This article introduces results from a new survey with an embedded social …

The literature on comparative partisanship has demonstrated the low rates of party
identification in Latin America. Such low rates are commonly interpreted as a sign of citizens' …