The Sp/KLF family contains at least twenty identi® ed members which include Sp1-4 and
numerous kruÈppel-like factors. Members of the family bind with varying af® nities to …

Thyroid hormones are important during development of the mammalian brain, acting on
migration and differentiation of neural cells, synaptogenesis, and myelination. The actions of …

The original concept of the critical period of thyroid hormone (TH) action on brain
development was proposed to identify the postnatal period during which TH supplement …

The action of thyroid hormones (thyroxine, T4; triiodothyronine, T3) on brain development
and function is gaining renewed interest. It has been known for many years that thyroid …

Recent advances in molecular cloning have led to the identification of a large number of
mammalian zinc finger-containing transcription factors that exhibit homology to the …

Among the most critical actions of thyroid hormone in man and other mammals are those
exerted on brain development. Severe hypothyroidism during the neonatal period leads to …

Chronic glucocorticoid therapy has serious side effects, including diabetes and fatty liver.
However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for steroid-induced diabetes remain …

Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc-finger transcription factors that are found in
many species. Recent studies have shown that KLFs play a fundamental role in regulating …

Thyroid hormone (T 3) activates nuclear receptor transcription factors, encoded by the TRα
(NR1A1) and TRβ (NR1A2) genes, to regulate target gene expression. Several TR isoforms …

Background Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants have been implicated
as disruptors of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Animals exposed to PBDEs may …