Although over 100 studies and reviews have examined the ergogenic effects of dietary
nitrate (NO3−) supplementation in young, healthy men and women, it is unclear if participant …

Purpose Several supplements are purported to promote muscle hypertrophy and strength
gains in healthy subjects, or to prevent muscle wasting in atrophying situations (eg, ageing …

Endurance athletes use nutritional guidelines and supplements to improve exercise
performance and recovery. However, use is not always based on scientific evidence of …

Maintaining skeletal muscle mass is important for improving muscle strength and function.
Hence, maximizing lean body mass (LBM) is the primary goal for both elite athletes and …

Carnosine is an abundant histidine-containing dipeptide in human skeletal muscle and
formed by beta-alanine and L-histidine. It performs various physiological roles during …

Plant proteins are increasingly seen as critical nutrient sources for both amateur and
professional athletes. The aim of the presented study was to review the inventions and …

Carbohydrate (CHO) supplements such as bars, gels, drinks and powders have become
ubiquitous as effective evidence-based CHO sources that improve endurance exercise …

β-alanine does not have an ergogenic effect by itself, but it does as a precursor for the
synthesis of carnosine in human skeletal muscle. β-alanine and carnosine together help …

Summary Omega-3 (ω-3) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties
that presents three main forms: alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and …

Fasting is one of the religious rituals of Muslims worldwide who refrain from eating foods and
liquids every year during Ramadan. This year (2020), Ramadan is very different from …