Placebo effects, positive treatment outcomes that go beyond treatment processes, can alter
sensations through learning mechanisms. Understanding how methodological factors …

Background Choice has been proposed as a method of enhancing placebo effects.
However, there have been no attempts to systematically evaluate the magnitude, reliability …

Objective Choice may be an important influence on the effectiveness and side effects of
medical treatments. Purpose We investigated the impact of having a choice of medication …

Placebo effects are beneficial mind-body outcomes derived from beliefs or expectations, not
explainable as the consequence of active medical treatments. These phenomena have long …

The provision of choice within interventions has been associated with increased motivation,
engagement and interest, as well as improved clinical outcomes. Existing reviews are …

Research and theory on placebo effects has illuminated much regarding the neurobiological
mechanisms. The psychological mechanisms, however, have received much less attention …

Background Choice has been found to facilitate placebo effects for single-session
treatments where standard placebo treatment without choice failed to elicit a placebo effect …

Placebo analgesia is a robust phenomenon readily observed in both experimental and
clinical settings. While researchers have begun to unpack its psychobiological mechanisms …

For decades in medicine, the placebo effect has been conceptualized as a subjective
psychological effect associated with an inert substance and considered to be a nuisance …

Years of research have implicated a complex set of motivational causes and consequences
of choice. Psychological theory has often prescribed the benefits of choosing, though …