The majority of humanity now lives in cities or towns, with this proportion expected to
continue increasing for the foreseeable future. As novel ecosystems, urban areas offer an …

Increased urbanization represents a formidable challenge for wildlife. Nevertheless, a few
species appear to thrive in the evolutionarily novel environment created by cities …

Urban ecological studies, including focus on cities, suburbs, and exurbs, while having deep
roots in the early to mid 20th century, have burgeoned in the last several decades. We use …

Individually distinctive behavioral traits, or personalities, contribute to population-level
processes and ecological interactions important in applied wildlife conservation research …

Increased boldness is one of the most prevalent behavioral modifications seen in urban
animals and is thought to be a co** response to anthropogenic environmental alterations …

The term 'synurbic'is sometimes used within the more recent urban ecology literature to refer
to a species that colonises or is found within urban ecosystems, but this is too simplistic an …

Urban areas contain high densities of non‐native species, which in the UK include the
domestic cat F elis catus (L innaeus 1758) and the grey squirrel S ciurus carolinensis (G …

Urbanization may alter mammal assemblages via habitat loss, food subsidies, and other
factors related to human activities. The general distribution patterns of wild mammal …

Numerous animal species can survive in human-modified habitats, but often display
behavioral, morphological, physiological or genetic plasticity compared to non-urban …

In this chapter we review the current knowledge on terrestrial vertebrate invasions in South
Africa. Thirty species of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians are considered to have …