▪ Abstract We know that giant planets played a crucial role in the making of our Solar
System. The discovery of giant planets orbiting other stars is a formidable opportunity to …

Uranus and Neptune form a distinct class of planets in our Solar System. Given this fact, and
ubiquity of similar-mass planets in other planetary systems, it is essential to understand their …

The implementation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) network of satellites and the
development of small, high‐performance instrumentation to receive GPS signals have …

Voyager 2 images of Neptune reveal a windy planet characterized by bright clouds of
methane ice suspended in an exceptionally clear atmosphere above a lower deck of …

This textbook was developed to provide seniors and first-year graduate students in physical
sciences with a general knowledge of electrodynamic phenomena in space. Since the …

The vertical structure of Neptune's atmosphere is studied on the basis of recordings of the
tracking signals received from Voyager 2 during its occultation by Neptune. The …

Observations of the 1.4-to 2.4-micrometer spectrum of Pluto reveal absorptions of carbon
monoxide and nitrogen ices and confirm the presence of solid methane. Frozen nitrogen is …

Results from the occultation of the sun by Neptune imply a temperature of 750±150 kelvins
in the upper levels of the atmosphere (composed mostly of atomic and molecular hydrogen) …

ABSTRACT" Empirical" models (pressure versus density) of Uranus and Neptune interiors
constrained by the gravitational coefficients J 2, J 4, the planetary radii and masses, and …

The near-infrared spectrum of Triton reveals ices of nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide,
and carbon dioxide, of which nitrogen is the dominant component. Carbon dioxide ice may …