A critical examination of published data obtained primarily from recent nuclear magnetic
resonance spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, electrospray …

In the last three decades, the concept of soil humic substances has been questioned in two
main directions. Misinterpretations of CP MAS13C NMR spectroscopy led to the conclusion …

Dissolved black carbon (BC) released from biochar can be one of the more photoactive
components in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool. Dissolved BC was mainly …

Turkey has one of the largest lignite deposits in Europe but the low calorific values of Turkish
lignites dictate new and environmentally safe new utilization technologies for further …

Sporopollenin is a ubiquitous and extremely chemically inert biopolymer that constitutes the
outer wall of all land-plant spores and pollen grains. Sporopollenin protects the vulnerable …

Thermochemical processing of biomass produces a solid product containing char (mostly
carbon) and ash. This char can be combusted for heat and power, gasified, activated for …

A simple new method is presented that yields quantitative solid-state magic-angle spinning
(MAS) 13 C NMR spectra of organic materials with good signal-to-noise ratios. It achieves …

Background In recent years, biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass to produce multi-products
such as ethanol and other biomaterials has become a dynamic research area. Pretreatment …

Large-scale soil application of biochar may enhance soil fertility, increasing crop production
for the growing human population, while also sequestering atmospheric carbon. But …

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in biochars is critical to carbon dynamics and contaminant
transport in soils. This study aimed to develop a robust and easy method to characterize and …