Biofilm, complex structures formed by microorganisms within an extracellular polymeric
matrix, pose significant challenges in the sector by harboring dangerous pathogens and …

In 1967, in this journal, Evelyn Witkin proposed the existence of a coordinated DNA damage
response in Escherichia coli, which later came to be called the “SOS response.” We revisited …

In cells, proteins are synthesized, function, and degraded (dead). Protein synthesis (spring)
is important for the life of proteins. However, how proteins die is equally important for …

Background Earlier work in this laboratory revealed that fitA was same as pheS as a
recombinant clone, pSRJ5R1 harboring pheS+ gene complemented transcription-defective …

The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is the outermost layer of the cell and
serves as permeability barrier against environmental toxins, including antibiotics. The OM is …

Bacteria encounter numerous stressors in their constantly changing environments and have
evolved many methods to deal with stressors quickly and effectively. One well-known and …

Antimicrobial resistance poses the most formidable challenge to public health, with plasmid-
mediated horizontal gene transfer playing a pivotal role in its global spread. Bisphenol …

Bacteria respond to changes in their external environment, such as temperature, by
changing the transcription of their genes. We know little about how these regulatory patterns …

The alternative sigma factor RpoS functions as a regulator of stress and virulence response
in numerous bacterial species. Vibrio mimicus is a critical opportunistic pathogen causing …

Our previous studies identified PA5407 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a new regulatory
protein for bacterial division and named it ZapAL. This protein enhances the assembly of the …