The microsecond Er: YAG pulsed laser with a wavelength of λ= 2.94 μ m has been widely
used in the medical field, particularly for ablating dental tissues. Since bone and dental …

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with rich spectral and spatial information holds potential for
applications ranging from remote sensing to biomedicine. However, charge-coupled device …

A novel real-time and non-destructive method for differentiating soft from hard tissue in laser
osteotomy has been introduced and tested in a closed-loop fashion. Two laser beams were …

Femtosecond lasers allow for high-precision, high-quality ablation of biological tissues
thanks to their capability of minimizing the thermal loads into the irradiated material …

Background and Objectives Using lasers instead of mechanical tools for bone cutting holds
many advantages, including functional cuts, contactless interaction, and faster wound …

Minimally-invasive laser surgeries could benefit from a fiber-optic laser-induced breakdown
spectroscopy (FO-LIBS) setup for real-time tissue characterization. In FO-LIBS, the sample …

Conventional bone surgery leads to unwanted damage to the surrounding tissues and a
slow healing process for the patients. Additionally, physicians are not able to perform free …

The main purpose of this work is to thoroughly describe sensitivity and resolution
enhancement by systematically optimizing key parameters in laser-induced breakdown …

In minimal invasive laser osteotomy precise information about the ablation process can be
obtained with LIBS in order to avoid carbonization, or cutting of wrong types of tissue …

Since their invention, lasers have been successfully employed in many applications. The
basic principle of the interaction of laser with biological tissue is explained, and how many …