Abstract Prospective Life Cycle Assessment (pLCA) is useful to evaluate the environmental
performance of current and emerging technologies in the future. Yet, as energy systems and …

Long-term global scenarios have underpinned research and assessment of global
environmental change for four decades. Over the past ten years, the climate change …

The costs of climate change are often estimated in monetary terms, but this raises ethical
issues. Here we express them in terms of numbers of people left outside the 'human climate …

Aviation emissions are not on a trajectory consistent with Paris Climate Agreement goals.
We evaluate the extent to which fuel pathways—synthetic fuels from biomass, synthetic fuels …

Higher food prices arising from restrictions on exports from Russia or Ukraine have been
exacerbated by energy price rises, leading to higher costs for agricultural inputs such as …

Coastal areas are subject to hazards that can result in severe impacts due to the high
concentration of people and assets in exposed locations. While climate-induced sea-level …

Recent evidence shows that carbon emissions in China are likely to peak ahead of 2030.
However, the social and economic impacts of such an early carbon peak have rarely been …

Soils are the foundation of all terrestrial ecosystems. However, unlike for plants and animals,
a global assessment of hotspots for soil nature conservation is still lacking. This hampers our …

Chapter 3 assesses the emissions pathways literature in order to identify their key
characteristics (both in commonalities and differences) and to understand how societal …

Estimates of global economic damage caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can
inform climate policy,–. The social cost of carbon (SCC) quantifies these damages by …