Macrophages are phagocytic cells with important physiological functions, including the
digestion of cellular debris, foreign substances, and microbes, as well as tissue …

The dried, mature fruit of the palm tree species Areca catechu L. is known as the areca nut
(AN) or betel nut. It is widely cultivated in the tropical regions. In many nations, AN is utilized …

Platycodon grandiflorum, a globally recognized medicinal and edible plant, possesses
significant nutritional value and pharmacological value. In traditional Chinese medicine, it …

Agastache rugosa is used as a Korean traditional medicine to treat gastric diseases.
However, the active ingredients and pharmacological targets of A. rugosa are unknown. In …

Ziziphus mucronata is an important multi-purpose plant species that has been used in
African traditional medicine for ages in the treatment of various devastating human and …

Currently, there is increasing interest in the commercial utilization of probiotics isolated from
traditional fermented food products. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the probiotic …

Background/Aims In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), repeated bouts of remission and
relapse occur in patients and can impose a risk of colitis-associated cancer. We …

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is commonly consumed as spice or herbal medicine with anti-
inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. It is rich of many bioactive constituents …

The therapeutic potential of Angelica ternata extract was tested against biofilm-associated
fungi Candida albicans. Such an extract with a 1.896±0.071% per 1 mL rutin content of …

BACKGROUND Sulfasalazine has been used as a standard-of-care in ulcerative colitis for
decades, however, it results in severe adverse symptoms, such as hepatotoxicity, blood …