There is growing awareness of pollinator declines worldwide. Conservation efforts have
mainly focused on finding the direct causes, while paying less attention to building a …

The observed architecture of ecological and socio-economic networks differssignificantly
from that of random networks. From a network science standpoint, non-random structural …

The worldwide loss of species diversity brings urgency to understanding how diverse
ecosystems maintain stability. Whereas early ecological ideas and classic observations …

A central assumption in most ecological models is that the interactions in a community
operate only between pairs of species. However, two species may interactively affect the …

Highlights•Ordination plots visualize movement through community space.•Generalized
Lotka–Volterra (gLV) model predicts stability and responses to perturbation.•gLV model …

The study of ecological communities often involves detailed simulations of complex
networks. However, our empirical knowledge of these networks is typically incomplete and …

For two competing species, intraspecific competition must exceed interspecific competition
for coexistence. To generalize this well-known criterion to multiple competing species, one …

Competition and mutualism are inevitable processes in microbial ecology, and a central
question is which and how many taxa will persist in the face of these interactions. Ecological …

Rich ecosystems harbour thousands of species interacting in tangled networks
encompassing predation, mutualism and competition. Such widespread biodiversity is …