Photocatalysis has been widely applied in various areas, such as solar cells, water splitting,
and pollutant degradation. Therefore, the photochemical mechanisms and basic principles …

Abstract The industrial Haber–Bosch process to produce ammonia (NH3) from dinitrogen
(N2) is crucial for modern society. However, N2 activation is inherently challenging and the …

The field of single-atom catalysis (SAC) has expanded greatly in recent years. While there
has been much success develo** new synthesis methods, a fundamental disconnect …

Photocatalytic water splitting has attracted a lot of attention in recent years, and O2 evolution
is the decisive step owing to the complex four‐electrons reaction process. Though many …

Black titanium dioxide (TiO 2) has been one of the most researched photocatalyst in recent
years. Its ability to overcome the limitations of pristine TiO 2 through enhanced visible light …

Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been widely applied in various fields, such as
photovoltaic cell, solar water splitting, photocatalytic pollutant degradation, and so on …

Titanium dioxide is a promising photocatalyst for water splitting, but it suffers from low visible
light activity due to its wide band gap. Do** can narrow the band gap of titanium dioxide; …

Metal oxide catalysts have numerous industrial applications. 1− 7 In addition, oxides
catalyze many important reactions whose conversion or selectivity is too low to be …

The field of surface science provides a unique approach to understanding bulk, surface and
interfacial phenomena occurring during TiO 2 photocatalysis. This review highlights, from a …

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most widely used nanomaterials in our daily life. In
1972, Fujishima and Honda reported the photo electrolysis of water into H2 and O2 utilizing …