Startle is a fast response to sudden, intense stimuli and probably protects the organism from
injury by a predator or by a blow. The acoustic startle response (ASR) of mammals is …

Rationale: Sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex can be assessed across species, using
similar stimuli to elicit similar responses. Prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of …

The study describes a novel method for tinnitus screening in rats by use of gap detection
reflex procedures. The authors hypothesized that if a background acoustic signal was …

Rationale: Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex occurs when brief, non-startling
tactile, acoustic or visual stimuli are presented 20–500 ms before the startling stimulus …

The startle response consists of whole-body muscle contractions, eye-blink, accelerated
heart rate, and freezing in response to a strong, sudden stimulus. It is evolutionarily …

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is the attenuation of the startle reflex when the sudden intense
startling stimulus is shortly preceded by a weaker, non-startling sensory stimulus (prepulse) …

The extensive feedback from the auditory cortex (AC) to the inferior colliculus (IC) supports
critical aspects of auditory behavior but has not been extensively characterized. Previous …

One of the two major cholinergic centers of the mammalian brain is located in the midbrain,
ie, the pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPTg) and the adjacent laterodorsal tegmentum …

Purpose A variety of options for behavioral assessment of tinnitus in laboratory animals are
available to researchers today. These options are briefly reviewed, followed by data …

Selenium (Se) is essential for both brain development and male fertility. Male mice lacking
two key genes involved in Se metabolism (Scly−/− Sepp1−/− mice), selenoprotein P (Sepp1) …