Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a novel cancer treatment, although recent
immunotherapy trials have produced suboptimal outcomes, with durable responses seen …

The past decades have witnessed great progress in cancer immunotherapy, which has
profoundly revolutionized oncology, whereas low patient response rates and potential …

Macrophages play an important role in cancer development and metastasis.
Proinflammatory M1 macrophages can phagocytose tumor cells, while anti‐inflammatory M2 …

Human immune system acts as a pivotal role in the tissue homeostasis and disease
progression. Immunomodulatory biomaterials that can manipulate innate immunity and …

Immunotherapy has offered new treatment options for cancer; however, the therapeutic
benefits are often modest and desired to be improved. A semiconducting polymer …

Although notable progress has been made on novel cancer treatments, the overall survival
rate and therapeutic effects are still unsatisfactory for cancer patients …

The tumor microenvironment (TME), which is mostly composed of tumor cells, immune cells,
signaling molecules, stromal tissue, and the vascular system, is an integrated system that is …

The past decade has witnessed the accelerating development of immunotherapies for
cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint blockade therapies and chimeric antigen receptor …

Distant metastasis is a primary cause of mortality and contributes to poor surgical outcomes
in cancer patients. Before the development of organ-specific metastasis, the formation of a …

Immunotherapy has shown encouraging results in various cancers, but the response rates
are relatively low due to the complex tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME) …