The course of pupillary constriction and dilation provides an easy-to-access, inexpensive,
and noninvasive readout of brain activity. We propose a new taxonomy of factors affecting …

Our subjective visual experiences involve complex interaction between our eyes, our brain,
and the surrounding world. It gives us the sense of sight, color, stereopsis, distance, pattern …

The amount of mental effort we invest in a task is influenced by the reward we can expect if
we perform that task well. However, some of the rewards that have the greatest potential for …

Cognitive pupillometry is the measurement of pupil size to investigate cognitive processes
such as attention, mental effort, working memory, and many others. Currently, there is no …

Rapid variations in cortical state during wakefulness have a strong influence on neural and
behavioural responses and are tightly coupled to changes in pupil size across species …

This review provides an introduction to two eyetracking measures that can be used to study
cognitive development and plasticity: pupil dilation and spontaneous blink rate. We begin by …

The state of the brain and body constantly varies on rapid and slow timescales. These
variations contribute to the apparent noisiness of sensory responses at both the neural and …

Within the field of hearing science, pupillometry is a widely used method for quantifying
listening effort. Its use in research is growing exponentially, and many labs are (considering) …

Conversation is the platform where minds meet: the venue where information is shared,
ideas cocreated, cultural norms shaped, and social bonds forged. Its frequency and ease …

Neural responses are modulated by brain state, which varies with arousal, attention, and
behavior. In mice, running and whisking desynchronize the cortex and enhance sensory …