The chemokine superfamily consists of a large number of ligands and receptors. At first
glance, this family appears redundant and their ligand-receptor relationships promiscuous …

Signals from the microenvironment have a profound influence on the maintenance and/or
progression of hematopoietic and epithelial cancers. Mesenchymal or marrow-derived …

Malignant cells from at least 23 different types of cancer express the chemokine receptor
CXCR4 and respond to its ligand CXCL12. This receptor ligand pair appears to be involved …

It has been 10 years since the role of a chemokine receptor, CXCR4, in breast cancer
metastasis was first documented. Since then, the field of chemokines and cancer has grown …

In bone marrow, hematopoiesis is thought to depend on special microenvironments known
as niches that maintain blood cells. However, the identity of niches and interaction of blood …

Germ cells may be defined as those cells, all of whose surviving descendants will become
sperm or eggs. In all sexually reproducing animals and plants, these cells play a uniquely …

The human chemokine superfamily currently includes at least 46 ligands, which bind to 18
functionally signaling G-protein-coupled receptors and two decoy or scavenger receptors …

The regulated migration of cells is essential for development and tissue homeostasis, and
aberrant cell migration can lead to an impaired immune response and the progression of …

Chemokines (chemo‐attractant cytokines) are a group of small proteins that act together with
their cell surface receptors, in development, normal physiology and immune responses, to …

For all animals, cell migration is an essential and highly regulated process. Cells migrate to
shape tissues, to vascularize tissues, in wound healing, and as part of the immune …