Since cancer stem cells (CSCs) were first identified in leukemia in 1994, they have been
considered promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. These cells have self-renewal …

Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs for ovarian cancer, but resistance
is common. The initial response to platinum‑based chemotherapy is as high as 80%, but in …

Over the past few decades, substantial evidence has convincingly revealed the existence of
cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a minor subpopulation in cancers, contributing to an aberrantly …

The cancer stem cell (CSC) concept was proposed four decades ago, and states that tumor
growth, analogous to the renewal of healthy tissues, is fueled by small numbers of dedicated …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor‐initiating cells (TICs), are suggested to be
responsible for drug resistance and cancer relapse due in part to their ability to self‐renew …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) proactively remodel their microenvironment to maintain a
supportive niche. Viewed through the lens of an ecosystem, numerous tumor components …

An area that has come to be of tremendous interest in tumor research in the last decade is
the role of the microenvironment in the biology of neoplastic diseases. The tumor …

Autophagy and mitophagy act in cancer as bimodal processes, whose differential functions
strictly depend on cancer ontogenesis, progression, and type. For instance, they can act to …

Recently, many types of in vitro 3‐D culture systems have been developed to recapitulate
the in vivo growth conditions of cancer. The cancer 3‐D culture methods aim to preserve the …

Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology, as
it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment. Since tumor cells are highly …