Uptake, transport and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into plant cells are
complex processes that are currently still not well understood. Parts of this problem are the …

The design and function of leaf venation are important to plant performance, with key
implications for the distribution and productivity of ecosystems, and applications in …

Plant functional traits can predict community assembly and ecosystem functioning and are
thus widely used in global models of vegetation dynamics and land–climate feedbacks. Still …

Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological
characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect …

Chlorophyll (Chl) is an important photosynthetic pigment to the plant, largely determining
photosynthetic capacity and hence plant growth. However, this concept has not been …

Earth is home to a remarkable diversity of plant forms and life histories, yet comparatively
few essential trait combinations have proved evolutionarily viable in today's terrestrial …

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) represents a suite of intercorrelated leaf traits
concerning construction costs per unit leaf area, nutrient concentrations, and rates of carbon …

Due to massive energetic investments in woody support structures, trees are subject to
unique physiological, mechanical, and ecological pressures not experienced by herbaceous …

Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally
consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions,,, but how these effects scale up …

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) provides a useful framework for examining species
strategies as shaped by their evolutionary history. However, that spectrum, as originally …