Adaptive explanations for modern human foot anatomy have long fascinated evolutionary
biologists because of the dramatic differences between our feet and those of our closest …

Some of the most long‐standing questions in paleoanthropology concern how and why
human bipedalism evolved. Over the last century, many hypotheses have been offered on …

As quantitative studies on primate positional behavior accumulate the lack of a standard
positional mode terminology is becoming an increasingly serious deficiency. Inconsistent …

Geometric morphometrics (GM) has increasingly become an important tool in assessing and
studying shape variation in a wide variety of taxa. While the GM toolkit has unparalleled …

An understanding of the evolution of human bipedalism can provide valuable insights into
the biomechanical and physiological characteristics of locomotion in modern humans. The …

The vertical‐climbing account of the evolution of locomotor behavior and morphology in
hominid ancestry is reexamined in light of recent behavioral, anatomical, and …

As an essential organ of both weight bearing and locomotion, the spine is subject to the
conflict of providing maximal stability while maintaining crucial mobility, in addition to …

We collected high‐resolution plantar pressure distributions of seven bonobos during
terrestrial bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion (N= 146). Functional foot length, degree of …

We describe segment angles (trunk, thigh, shank, and foot) and joint angles (hip, knee, and
ankle) for the hind limbs of bonobos walking bipedally (“bent‐hip bent‐knee walking,” 17 …

Although humans appear to be specialized for endurance running, the plantigrade posture
of our feet, in which the heel contacts the substrate at the beginning of a step, seems …