Emotion is normally regulated in the human brain by a complex circuit consisting of the
orbital frontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and several other interconnected …

▪ Abstract Learning the relationships between aversive events and the environmental stimuli
that predict such events is essential to the survival of organisms throughout the animal …

The ability to cognitively regulate emotional responses to aversive events is important for
mental and physical health. Little is known, however, about neural bases of the cognitive …

Individual differences in emotional reactivity or affective style can be decomposed into more
elementary constituents. Several separable of affective style are identified such as the …

Conditioned fear responses to a tone previously paired with a shock diminish if the tone is
repeatedly presented without the shock, a process known as extinction. Since Pavlov it has …

Understanding how fears are acquired is an important step in translating basic research to
the treatment of fear-related disorders. However, understanding how learned fears are …

The authors present an overview of the neural bases of emotion. They underscore the role of
the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala in 2 broad approach-and withdrawal-related …

The psychology of extinction has been studied for decades. Approximately 10 years ago,
however, there began a concerted effort to understand the neural circuits of extinction of fear …

Emotional learning is necessary for individuals to survive and prosper. Once acquired,
however, emotional associations are not always expressed. Indeed, the regulation of …

About one million suicides and ten million suicide attempts occur worldwide each year.
Suicide is not simply a response to stress, but generally a complication of a psychiatric …