Beach nourishment—the addition of sand to increase the width or sand volume of the beach—
is a widespread coastal management technique to counteract coastal erosion. Globally …

Highlights•Climate change is inflicting economic and non-economic loss and damage in
small islands states today.•The Comprehensive Risk Management Framework is a tool to …

We provide a brief synopsis of the unique physical and ecological attributes of sandy beach
ecosystems and review the main anthropogenic pressures acting on the world's single …

Beach nourishment is not a permanent solution against beach erosion, as periodic
renourishment will be needed to maintain its effectiveness. Numerous publications show …

In a closely integrated system,(sub-) littoral sandy sediments, sandy beaches, and sand
dunes offer natural coastal protection for a host of environmentally and economically …

Escalating pressures caused by the combined effects of population growth, demographic
shifts, economic development and global climate change pose unprecedented threats to …

Sandy beaches line most of the world's oceans and are highly valued by society: more
people use sandy beaches than any other type of shore. While the economic and social …

Abstract Ecological Engineering (or Ecoengineering) is increasingly used in estuaries to re-
create and restore ecosystems degraded by human activities, including reduced water flow …

Sand nourishments are a widely applied technique to increase beach width for recreation or
coastal safety. As the size of these nourishments increases, new questions arise on the …

Shore protection structures will continue to be built and maintained to protect coastal
infrastructure. This review identifies factors influencing our ability to retain or restore natural …