Emotions are fundamental to our experience and behavior, affecting and motivating all
aspects of our lives. Scientists of various disciplines have been fascinated by emotions for …

Animal behavior is shaped by a variety of" internal states"—partially hidden variables that
profoundly shape perception, cognition, and action. The neural basis of internal states, such …

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on the population with consequences on
lifestyles. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between eating habits, mental …

Defining cell types requires integrating diverse single-cell measurements from multiple
experiments and biological contexts. To flexibly model single-cell datasets, we developed …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent, debilitating and sometimes deadly
consequence of exposure to severe psychological trauma. Although effective treatments …

Modern optogenetics can be tuned to evoke activity that corresponds to naturally occurring
local or global activity in timing, magnitude or individual-cell patterning. This outcome has …

The hippocampus is traditionally thought to transmit contextual information to limbic
structures where it acquires valence. Using freely moving calcium imaging and …

Decades of research has identified the brain areas that are involved in fear, fear extinction,
anxiety and related defensive behaviours. Newly developed genetic and viral tools …

Over the past 10 years, the development and convergence of microbial opsin engineering,
modular genetic methods for cell-type targeting and optical strategies for guiding light …

The amygdala has long been associated with emotion and motivation, playing an essential
part in processing both fearful and rewarding environmental stimuli. How can a single …