Salt precipitation is a problem in electrochemical CO2 reduction electrolyzers that limits their
long-term durability and industrial applicability by reducing the active area, causing flooding …

The worldwide demand for lithium has greatly increased with the rapid development of
industries especially for lithium-ion battery. As the global potential resource, salt-lake brine …

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely employed due to their inherent advantage of
achieving excellent water permeation rates and high salt rejection. However, fouling is a …

Polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF)
membranes are the core elements for the membrane-based desalination technologies …

Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes, comprising nanofillers and nanoscale dense
polymeric barriers, were prepared by introducing nanomaterials into a polyamide layer …

Synthetic membranes featuring confined nanostructures have emerged as a prominent
category of leading materials that can selectively separate target ions from complex water …

Water scarcity has been a global challenge for many countries over the past decades, and
as a result, reverse osmosis (RO) has emerged as a promising and cost-effective tool for …

Photocatalytic membranes can effectively integrate membrane separation and photocatalytic
degradation processes to provide an eco‐friendly solution for efficient water purification. It is …

Clean energy, water, and air are all critical to the sustainable development of humanity.
Electrospun nanofibers, including nanofibrous membranes, have attracted enormous …

Thin-film composite (TFC) membranes are the most widely used membranes for low-cost
and energy-efficient water desalination processes. Proper control over the three influential …