Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a characteristic behavioural pattern performed by
zooplankton in which their vertical distribution changes over the 24-h day. Here the …

Science has rapidly expanded its frontiers with new technologies in the 20th Century.
Oceanography now is studied routinely by satellite. Predictive models are on global scales …

The modern biosphere owes its idiosyncratic expression to the activities of oxygen
metabolizing organisms, especially animals and eukaryotes (Butterfield, 2011). And with a …

Dramatic population declines among species of pelagic shark as a result of overfishing have
been reported, with some species now at a fraction of their historical biomass. Advanced …

The water column of the deep ocean is dark, cold, low in food, and under crushing
pressures, yet it is full of diverse life. Due to its enormous volume, this mesopelagic zone is …

We deployed an upward-facing echo sounder mounted on the bottom and cabled to shore in
a~ 400 m fjord location for long-term studies of small mesopelagic fish and their potential …

Understanding the movement patterns and behavior of marine organisms is fundamental for
numerous ecological, conservation and management applications. Over the past several …

Aurelia sp.(scyphozoa; Moon Jellies) are one of the most common and widely distributed
species of jellyfish. Their behaviours include swimming up in response to somatosensory …

Many planktonic organisms have adaptations such as floats or lighter substances to obtain
buoyancy to help them remain in the surface layer of the ocean where photosynthetic …

Abstract Models and observations suggest that particle flux attenuation is lower across the
mesopelagic zone of anoxic environments compared to oxic environments. Flux attenuation …