Competition in forest stands has long been of interest to researchers. However, much of the
knowledge originates from empirical studies that examined the effects of competition. For …

Background Modelling plant growth allows us to test hypotheses and carry out virtual
experiments concerning plant growth processes that could otherwise take years in field …

Competition for canopy space is a fundamental structuring feature of forest ecosystems and
remains an enduring focus of research attention. We used a spatial neighborhood approach …

Abstract Knowledge of the structure and morphology of common urban trees is scarce,
particularly of the full life cycle of a tree. The present and future structural dimensions of …

Competition for canopy space is a process of major importance in forest dynamics. Although
virgin and old-growth European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests in Europe have been …

The ability to automatically delineate individual tree crowns using remote sensing data
opens the possibility to collect detailed tree information over large geographic regions …

The objective of the study was to analyse to which extent horizontal crown plasticity reduces
inter-tree competition at stand scale, and how it relates to species growth strategy. Two …

Trees outside closed forest stands differ in the relation between stem diameter, height and
crown volume from trees that grew with neighbours close by. Whether this plasticity in tree …

The current individual tree competition indexes cannot provide information on the
competitive pressure of trees in different directions. To quantitatively describe the magnitude …

Competition for canopy space is a major ecological process in forest dynamics and some
tree species are able to shift their crowns away from competition pressure to improve light …