[HTML][HTML] Safety of children in cars: A review of biomechanical aspects and human body models

K Brolin, I Stockman, M Andersson, K Bohman, LL Gras… - IATSS research, 2015 - Elsevier
The protection of children in motor vehicle crashes has improved since the introduction of
child restraint systems. However, motor vehicle crashes remain one of the top leading …

Evaluation of static belt fit and belt torso contact for children on belt-positioning booster seats

GH Baker, JA Mansfield, RL Hunter… - Traffic Injury …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Objective: Previous studies have indicated that gap between the seatbelt and torso (reduced
belt torso contact) for children on belt-positioning booster seats (BPBs) may lead to less …

Passenger head kinematics in abrupt braking and lane change events

MP Reed, SM Ebert, MLH Jones, BKD Park… - Traffic injury …, 2018 - Taylor & Francis
Objective: A test track study was conducted to quantify patterns of adult front seat passenger
head motion during abrupt vehicle maneuvers. Method: Eighty-seven men and women with …

[HTML][HTML] Predicting child occupant crash injury severity in the United Arab Emirates using machine learning models for imbalanced dataset

MU Abdulazeez, W Khan, KA Abdullah - IATSS research, 2023 - Elsevier
Road traffic crashes have increased over the years leading to greater injury severity among
children who are mostly vehicle occupants in high-income countries. This adversely affects …

Kinematics and shoulder belt engagement of children on belt-positioning boosters during evasive steering maneuvers

G Baker, I Stockman, K Bohman… - Traffic injury …, 2018 - Taylor & Francis
Objective: To increase the protection of child passengers in crashes preceded by evasive
steering, understanding of how children interact with the seat belt in such situations is …

The effect of vehicle countermeasures and age on human volunteer kinematics during evasive swerving events

C Holt, T Seacrist, E Douglas, V Graci… - Traffic injury …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
Objective: Emergency maneuvers such as evasive swerving often precede a crash. These
events are typically low-acceleration, time-extended events where the inertial forces have …

Kinematics of child volunteers and child anthropomorphic test devices during emergency braking events in real car environment

I Stockman, K Bohman, L Jakobsson… - Traffic injury …, 2013 - Taylor & Francis
Objectives: The objective of this study was to present, compare, and discuss the kinematic
response of children and child anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) during emergency …

Occupant dynamics during crash avoidance maneuvers

MP Reed, SM Ebert, MH Jones, BD Park - 2021 - rosap.ntl.bts.gov
A 12-participant test-track study in a sedan, a minivan, and a pickup assessed head
excursions across vehicles using two abrupt braking events, two lane changes, and turn-and …

The large omnidirectional child (LODC) ATD: biofidelity comparison with the hybrid III 10 year old

J Stammen, K Moorhouse, B Suntay, M Carlson… - 2016 - sae.org
When the Hybrid III 10-year old (HIII-10C) anthropomorphic test device (ATD) was adopted
into Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 49 Part 572 as the best available tool for evaluating …

[HTML][HTML] Key factors associated with child occupants' suboptimal head positions when travelling in child restraint systems: Results from a naturalistic driving study of …

SL Cross, S Koppel, KB Arbogast… - Journal of Transport & …, 2023 - Elsevier
Objective The current study aimed to quantify the real-world, everyday travel behaviours of
child vehicle occupants and associations with child restraint systems (CRS)/booster seat …