The glycocalyx is a gel-like layer covering the luminal surface of vascular endothelial cells. It
is comprised of membrane-attached proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan chains …

Cells encode information in the sequence of biopolymers, such as nucleic acids, proteins,
and glycans. Although glycans are essential to all living organisms, surprisingly little is …

Endothelial cells line the inner portion of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; a
basal membrane of extracellular matrix lines the extraluminal side of endothelial cells. The …

Carbohydrates are central players in a number of important biological processes including
cell signaling, cell adhesion, and the regulation of biochemical pathways. Unlike nucleic …

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria portends an impending
postantibiotic age, characterized by diminishing efficacy of common antibiotics and routine …

Expressed on the endothelial cell (EC) surface of blood vessels, the glycocalyx (GCX), a
mixture of carbohydrates attached to proteins, regulates the access of cells and molecules in …

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a heterogeneous family of linear polysaccharides which
are composed of a repeating disaccharide unit. They are also linked to core proteins to form …

The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich layer that lines the luminal side of the vascular
endothelium. Its soluble components exist in a dynamic equilibrium with the bloodstream …

Three types of capillaries, namely continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoidal, form the
microvascular system; each type has a specialized structure and function to respond to the …

Background The most demanding challenge in research on molecular aspects within the
flow of biological information is posed by the complex carbohydrates (glycan part of cellular …