The protracted oxygenation of the ocean-atmosphere system is one of the most fundamental
changes to the Earth system through its history. The uranium isotopic composition (238 …

Oceanic environments and biotas were in a state of near-continuous perturbation during the
Early Triassic, the~ 5-million-year interval following the latest Permian mass extinction …

The terminal Ediacaran Period witnessed the decline of the Ediacara biota (which may have
included many stem-group animals). To test whether oceanic anoxia might have played a …

Abstract The Permian/Triassic boundary approximately 251.9 million years ago marked the
most severe environmental crisis identified in the geological record, which dictated the …

Explaining the~ 5-million-year delay in marine biotic recovery following the latest Permian
mass extinction, the largest biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic, is a fundamental challenge for …

Understanding causal relationships between evolution and ocean oxygenation hinges on
reliable reconstructions of marine oxygen levels, typically from redox-sensitive geochemical …

Piecing together the history of carbon (C) perturbation events throughout Earth's history has
provided key insights into how the Earth system responds to abrupt warming. Previous …

The role of O2 in the evolution of early animals, as represented by some members of the
Ediacara biota, has been heavily debated because current geochemical evidence paints a …

Widespread marine anoxia is hypothesized as the trigger for the second pulse of the Late
Ordovician (Hirnantian) mass extinction based on lithologic and geochemical proxies that …

Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2), occurring∼ 94 million years ago, was one of the most
extreme carbon cycle and climatic perturbations of the Phanerozoic Eon. It was typified by a …