The immune system is a very diverse system of the host that evolved during evolution to
cope with various pathogens present in the vicinity of environmental surroundings inhabited …

Following pathogen infection or tissue damage, the stimulation of pattern recognition
receptors on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of innate immune cells activates members …

Endothelial cells are a constitutive part of the heart and vasculature and form a crucial link
between the cardiovascular system and the immune system. Besides their commonly …

The endothelium forms a vast network that dynamically regulates vascular barrier function,
coagulation pathways and vasomotor tone. Microvascular endothelial cells are uniquely …

Background & Aims In the intestines, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mediates immune
responses to pathogens and regulates epithelial barrier function; polymorphisms in TLR2 …

Background: ERK5 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5) is a dual kinase transcription
factor containing an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal transcriptional activation …

Immune cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to
recognize pathogenic components or cellular debris and activate the immune system …

Unlike other members of the MAPK family, ERK5 contains a large C-terminal domain with
transcriptional activation capability in addition to an N-terminal canonical kinase domain …

The dual protein kinase-transcription factor, ERK5, is an emerging drug target in cancer and
inflammation, and small-molecule ERK5 kinase inhibitors have been developed. However …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that provide
innate immune sensing of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to …