With the significant advancement of sensor and communication technology and the reliable
application of obstacle detection techniques and algorithms, automated driving is becoming …

A point cloud is a set of points defined in a 3D metric space. Point clouds have become one
of the most significant data formats for 3D representation and are gaining increased …

Nowadays, and more than a decade after the first steps towards autonomous driving, we
keep heading to achieve fully autonomous vehicles on our roads, with LiDAR sensors being …

This paper reviews the state of the art and future trends of indoor Positioning, Localization,
and Navigation (PLAN). It covers the requirements, the main players, sensors, and …

After more than 20 years of research, ADAS are common in modern vehicles available in the
market. Automated Driving systems, still in research phase and limited in their capabilities …

3D object detection is a common function within the perception system of an autonomous
vehicle and outputs a list of 3D bounding boxes around objects of interest. Various 3D object …

Accurate and repeated forest inventory data are critical to understand forest ecosystem
processes and manage forest resources. In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) …

Abstract Time-of-flight (TOF) cameras are sensors that can measure the depths of scene
points, by illuminating the scene with a controlled laser or LED source and then analyzing …

Emerging autonomous driving systems require reliable perception of 3D surroundings.
Unfortunately, current mainstream perception modalities, ie, camera and Lidar, are …

Agriculture is the most critical sector for food supply on the earth, and it is also responsible
for supplying raw materials for other industrial productions. Currently, the growth in …