We survey research on self-driving cars published in the literature focusing on autonomous
cars developed since the DARPA challenges, which are equipped with an autonomy system …

Autonomous vehicle (AV) technology can provide a safe and convenient transportation
solution for the public, but the complex and various environments in the real world make it …

For an autonomous vehicle to operate safely and effectively, an accurate and robust
localization system is essential. While there are a variety of vehicle localization techniques …

Autonomous vehicles integrate complex software stacks for realizing the necessary iterative
perception, planning, and action operations. One of the foundational layers of such stacks is …

The development of light detection and ranging (lidar) technology began in the 1960s,
following the invention of the laser, which represents the central component of this system …

LiDAR has gained popularity in autonomous driving due to advantages like long
measurement distance, rich three-dimensional information, and stability in harsh …

Real-time, accurate, and robust localisation is critical for autonomous vehicles (AVs) to
achieve safe, efficient driving, whilst real-time performance is essential for AVs to achieve …

This paper proposes a sensor fusion-based low-cost vehicle localization system. The
proposed system fuses a global positioning system (GPS), an inertial measurement unit …

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art real-time three-dimensional shape measurement
techniques that are capable of reconstructing the dynamic objects. In this review paper, we …

The positioning accuracy of the existing vehicular Global Positioning System (GPS) is far
from sufficient to support autonomous driving and ITS applications. To remedy that, leading …